Under some circumstances drugs or surgery may be considered.ĭefinition and Measurement of Obesity Obesity and overweight are best defined using the body mass index (BMI). Methods of weight loss include diet, nutritional education, self-help groups, and behavioral change. Whether these diseases are yet present or not, the obese individual should be encouraged to lose weight by appropriate methods to reduce the future likelihood that they will develop. Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, heart disease, gallbladder disease, and some forms of cancer result from obesity. Obesity and overweight now affect more than 50 percent of adult Americans. A number of factors including age, sex, and physical inactivity influence the amount of body fat. The incidence of obesity continues to increase dramatically in the United States and elsewhere. The prevalence of obesity (BMI 30 or more) was 19.5 percent in men and 25.0 percent in women. government (published in 1993) found a BMI of 25 or more in 59.4 percent of men age twenty years or older and in 50.7 percent of women over the age of twenty years. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted by the U.S. The frequency of overweight increases with age to reach a peak at forty-five to fifty-four years in men and at age fifty-five to sixty-four in women. Prevalence of Overweight More females than males are overweight at any age. In women, of 35 inches (88 cm) or more, is the threshold for defining central obesity (Table 1).
Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Includes bibliographical references and index. Katz, editor in chief William Woys Weaver, associate editor. LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING-IN-PUBLICATION DATA Encyclopedia of food and culture / Solomon H. Farmington Hills, MI 48331-3535 Permissions Hotline: 24 or 80, ext.
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